Introduction to Computer (CLASS 5)
MICROSOFT OFFICE
What is Microsoft Office?
Microsoft Office is a collection of software
programs developed by Microsoft. These programs help with tasks like writing
documents, creating presentations, organizing data, and managing emails.
Main Applications of Microsoft Office
1. Microsoft Word
o Used for creating and editing text documents.
o Common tasks: typing letters, essays, reports.
o Features:
§
Change font style and size
§
Insert pictures, tables, and
shapes
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Use spell check and grammar check
§
Save as .docx or PDF
2. Microsoft Excel
o Used for organizing numbers and data in rows and columns.
o Common uses: making charts, budgets, and performing
calculations.
o Features:
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Works with spreadsheets
§
Uses formulas (like =SUM,
=AVERAGE)
§
Can create graphs and charts
§
Saves files as .xlsx
3. Microsoft PowerPoint
o Used to create slideshows and presentations.
o Common uses: class projects, lessons, or reports.
o Features:
§
Create slides with text, images,
and videos
§
Use animations and transitions
§
Choose from slide themes and
templates
§
Saves files as .pptx
Keyboard Shortcuts
- Ctrl + N → Open a new document
- Ctrl + C → Copy the text
- Ctrl + V → Paste Sthe text
- Ctrl + X → Cut the text
- Ctrl + Z → Undo (Go back one step)
- Ctrl + Y → Redo (Bring back)
- Ctrl + S → Save your work
- Ctrl + P → Print a document
- Ctrl + A → Select all text or pictures
- Ctrl + B → Make text bold
- Ctrl + I → Make text italic
- Ctrl + U → Underline text
- Ctrl+E → Align the text to the Center
- Ctrl+L → Align the text to the left
- Ctrl+R → Align the text to the right
- Esc → Cancel a command
Basic Computer Full forms
- CPU – Central Processing Unit (Brain of the Computer)
- CD -Compact Disc (Storage Device)
- DVD -Digital Video Disc (Storage Device)
- HDD – Hard Disk Drive (Stores data)
- RAM – Random Access Memory (computer's short-term memory)
- ROM – Read Only Memory (computer's permanent memory)
- USB- Universal Serial Bus (a small, plug-in port used to connect devices)
- UPS- Uninterrupted Power Supply (like a battery for a computer)
- WWW – World Wide Web (A collection of websites)
- LAN – Local Area Network (Covers one building or a small area –Home, School Wi-Fi)
- MAN - Metropolitan Area Network (Covers a city or a big area – Cable TV Connection)
- WAN – Wide Area Network (Covers Very Large (Worldwide)- Internet)
- Wi-Fi – Wireless Fidelity (Wireless internet connection)
- PC – Personal Computer (A computer used at home or school)
- OS – Operating System (Manages the computer)
- IT – Information Technology (Using computers to store and share information)
- AI – Artificial Intelligence (Smart computers that think like humans)
Memory and Storage Devices
1. What
is a computer memory?
A physical storage space such as chips which can store information is called a computer memory.
2. Types
of memory:
- Primary Memory (Main Memory) – Works fast but stores data temporarily.
- Secondary Memory (Storage Devices) – Stores data permanently for later use.
3. Types
of Primary Memory:
RAM (Random Access Memory) – Temporary memory, stores data while working.
The data is lost when the computer is turned off.
ROM (Read-Only Memory) – Permanent memory, stores start-up instructions.
We can not modify anything on it. The data stays even after the computer is off.
4. What
is a secondary memory / storage memory?
It is
used to store data permanently in a computer.
Examples of Secondary Memory:
- Hard Disk Drive (HDD) – Stores all files inside the computer.
- Solid State Drive (SSD) – Faster and newer version of HDD.
- Pen Drive (USB Flash Drive) – Small and portable storage.
- CD/DVD (Compact Disc/Digital Versatile Disc) – Stores music, videos, and files.
5. Name
two types of storage devices.
Internal Storage (inside the computer) and
External Storage (connected from outside).
6. What
is the difference between memory and storage?
- Memory is temporary and helps the computer work faster.
- Storage is permanent and keeps data safe for a long time.
Software and its Types
1. What
is a Software?
Software is a set of instructions or commands
that tell a computer what to do.
2. Types
of Software
System software:
This software directly operates the computer
hardware and provides the basic functionality to the users as well as to the
other software to operate smoothly.
Example: windows 10, windows 11 etc.
Application software:
Application software is designed to perform a
specific task for end-users.
Example: Games software, MS Office,
Bank software etc.
Utility Software:
The Utility Software is system software that
helps to maintain a Computer System and protect it from virus and unauthorised
users.
Example: Anti-Virus Software, Backup
software etc.
1. What
is Internet?
The Internet is a big network of computers all
over the world. It helps us to find information, play games, watch videos, and
talk to people.
2. What
is an IP address?
The Internet Protocol address is a numerical
identification code assigned for any device connected to a network.
3. What
is a Web Browser?
A web browser is a software application for
accessing the information on the World
Wide Web. Example: Google Chrome, Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox
4. What
is the World Wide Web?
World Wide Web or ‘www’ is a collection of
websites and web pages which can be accessed
using the internet.
5. What
is Search Engine?
Search Engine is kind of a website where a user
can search for information on the internet. Examples: Google, Yahoo, Bing, Ask
6. What is Electronic Mail?
Electronic mail (e-mail) is a computer-based
application for the exchange of messages between users through Internet.
7. Advantages
of social media (Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Instagram, Flickr etc.)
- A social media site is a platform to build social networks and social relations among people.
- Social networking provides medium for self-expression.
- Social media sites are used to help advertise goods 1and services.
- Social media sites provide platform for job searches.
8. Disadvantages
of Social Media
- Social media sites take time away from other activities.
- Social media sites extend the gap between people.
- Social media sites can be used to promote organized crime.
- When social media sites are used excessively or in the wrong way, it might seriously harm people’s emotional and even physical health.
Scratch Programming
1. What is Scratch?
Scratch is a fun and easy programming language
that helps students to create interactive stories, games, and animations.
Scratch builds coding skills, logical thinking, and creativity.
2. What
are the main parts of Scratch?
- Stage – Where the characters move
- Sprites – The characters in Scratch
- Blocks Palette – The coding blocks
- Script Area – Where we arrange blocks to create programs
3. What
is a Sprite in Scratch?
A Sprite
is a character or object that can move, talk, or change.
4. How
do we write a program in Scratch?
By dragging and dropping coding blocks from the
Blocks Palette into the Script Area.
5. What
are the types of coding blocks in Scratch?
The main
blocks are:
- Motion Blocks – Move sprites
- Looks Blocks – Change appearance
- Sound Blocks – Play sounds
- Events Blocks – Start actions
- Control Blocks – Repeat or wait
- Sensing Blocks – Detect clicks or touch
6. Write
Short Notes on Backdrop
The backdrop is the background of the stage on
the scratch window. By default, the background of the stage is white. We can
decorate the background by choosing a backdrop of our choice from the
pre-defined library.
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